Multivariate Data Analysis of Growth and Fertilization Response in Jamaica Genotypes (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.)

Abstract

Jamaica is a crop of significant agricultural value, recognized for its adaptability. Despite its high demand in international markets, cultivation has declined in Mexico due to challenges such as marketing issues, climate change, soil degradation, and competition from other crops. This study emphasizes the importance of responsible agricultural practices, particularly sustainability, which aims to reduce reliance on pesticides and chemical fertilizers. We investigated the responses of three Jamaica genotypes under conditions with and without fertilizer application. The proposed methodology included two multivariate descriptive analysis: principal component analysis to elucidate the phenotypic behavior of each genotype, and factor analysis to identify the interdependence among response variables. Results indicated that the Campeche genotype exhibited the highest yield, followed closely by Guerrero, demonstrating favorable responses under both experimental conditions.